Robert Stewart, 1st duke of Albany

Robert Stewart was of royal blood, he was the second surviving son of Robert II, King of Scotland (1371-1390). By manipulation and intrigues he became governor of Scotland and used his position to greatly add to his wealth.

Robert was made high chamberlain of Scotland in 1382 and won a military reputation in campaigns against England. In 1388 he was chosen guardian of Scotland and had retained control of affairs after his brother John became king as Robert III (1390-1406). Robert came into power struggle with his nephew and son of Robert III, David Stewart. Robert was able to persuade Robert III to imprison his son who died in suspicious circumstances. After the death of Robert III, Robert became regent of the kingdom because the new king, James I (r. 1406-1437), was a prisoner in London.

During his time as regent Robert looted the royal treasury and customs revenues, and made no effort to secure the release of James from the hands of the English. At the time of his death he was worth £10,000, or about £3.4bn in 2010's terms.